Bar Diagrams: Exercise-9

Overview:

 Questions and Answers Type: MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions). Main Topic: Data Interpretation. Data Interpretation Sub-topic: Bar Graph Questions and Answers. Number of Questions: 5 Questions with Solutions.

Directions: Study the following bar diagram carefully and answer the questions given below it.

The amount invested by a company is raw materials (in billion) and the value of finished products sold by the company (in billion).

1. Find the year with the maximum percentage increase in the amount invested in raw materials as compared to the previous year?

1. 2016
2. 2017
3. 2019
4. 2020

Solution: Percentage increase in the amount invested in raw materials as compared to the previous year. $$2016 = \left[\frac{250 - 150}{150} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= \left[\frac{100}{150} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= 66.67 \ \%$$ $$2017 = \left[\frac{400 - 250}{250} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= \left[\frac{150}{250} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= 60 \ \%$$ $$2020 = \left[\frac{350 - 300}{300} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= \left[\frac{50}{300} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= 16.67 \ \%$$ Hence the maximum percentage increase in the amount invested in raw materials as compared to the previous year was in 2016.

1. What is the difference between the average amount invested in raw materials during 2016-18 to the average value of sales of finished products during the same period?

1. 68.66 billion
2. 72.22 billion
3. 83.33 billion
4. 94.44 billion

Solution: The average amount invested in raw materials during 2016-18. $$= \frac{1}{3} \ (250 + 400 + 350)$$ $$= \frac{1}{3} \ (1000)$$ $$= 333.34 \ billion$$ The average value of sales of finished products during 2016-18. $$= \frac{1}{3} \ (300 + 500 + 450)$$ $$= \frac{1}{3} \ (1250)$$ $$= 416.67 \ billion$$ Required difference $$= 416.67 - 333.34$$ $$= 83.33 \ billion$$

1. The amount invested in raw materials in 2017 was approximately what percent of the average amount of sales during the years 2015-16?

1. 50 %
2. 60 %
3. 70 %
4. 80 %

Solution: Required percentage $$= \left[\frac{400}{200 + 300} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= \left[\frac{400}{500} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= 80 \ \%$$

1. Find the year with the maximum difference between the amount invested in raw materials and the value of sales of the finished products?

1. 2017
2. 2018
3. 2019
4. 2020

Solution: Difference between the amount invested in raw materials and the value of sales of the finished products during various years. $$2015 = 200 - 150$$ $$= 50 \ billion$$ $$2016 = 300 - 250$$ $$= 50 \ billion$$ $$2017 = 500 - 400$$ $$= 100 \ billion$$ $$2018 = 450 - 350$$ $$= 100 \ billion$$ $$2019 = 400 - 300$$ $$= 100 \ billion$$ $$2020 = 500 - 350$$ $$= 150 \ billion$$ Hence the difference was maximum during the year 2020 (150 billion).

1. In which year, the percentage change as compared to the previous year in the value of sales was maximum?

1. 2016
2. 2017
3. 2018
4. 2019

Solution: Percentage change as compared to the previous year in the value of sales over the years. $$2016 = \left[\frac{300 - 200}{200} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= 50 \ \%$$ $$2017 = \left[\frac{500 - 300}{300} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= 66.67 \ \%$$ $$2018 = \left[\frac{450 - 500}{500} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= -10 \ \%$$ $$2019 = \left[\frac{400 - 450}{450} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= -11.12 \ \%$$ $$2020 = \left[\frac{500 - 400}{400} \times 100\right] \ \%$$ $$= 25 \ \%$$ Hence the maximum change in the value of sales was in the year 2017 (66.67 %).